Uveitis MCQs & Guide
300+ questions with detailed explanations. Master uveitis for FRCOphth, ICO, FAICO, DNB and NEET-SS.
Uveitis overview
Uveitis is a heterogeneous group of inflammatory eye diseases that requires structured anatomical classification (SUN), targeted systemic workup, and a step-wise treatment ladder. It accounts for 10% of legal blindness in working-age adults.
Clinical & exam importance
Uveitis tests pattern recognition heavily. FAICO and DNB practical vivas use clinical photographs of KPs, posterior synechiae and chorioretinal lesions to anchor case discussions.
At a glance
- MCQ bank
- 300+
- Glossary terms
- 14+
- Free sample MCQs
- 15
- Matched products
- 2
Core anatomy & physiology refresher
The foundations you need before tackling clinical and surgical MCQs.
- Uveal tract: iris, ciliary body, choroid.
- Blood–aqueous barrier formed by non-pigmented ciliary epithelium and iris vasculature.
- Blood–retinal barrier formed by RPE tight junctions and retinal vascular endothelium.
- Choroid is the most vascular tissue in the body per unit weight.
- HLA associations: HLA-B27 (acute anterior uveitis), HLA-A29 (birdshot), HLA-B51 (Behçet).
High-yield uveitis facts for MCQs
The facts that appear most often in real exam stems. Learn them cold.
- 1SUN classification by anatomy: anterior, intermediate, posterior, panuveitis.
- 2Acute anterior uveitis (AAU): pain, photophobia, redness, miosis; HLA-B27 in 50%.
- 3HLA-B27 associated systemic diseases: ankylosing spondylitis, reactive arthritis, IBD, psoriatic arthritis.
- 4Fuchs heterochromic iridocyclitis: unilateral, mild inflammation, stellate KPs, heterochromia, cataract; rubella linked.
- 5Pars planitis: intermediate uveitis with vitreous snowballs and inferior snowbanking; MS association.
- 6Toxoplasma retinitis: focal necrotising chorioretinitis adjacent to a pigmented scar; treat with TMP-SMX or pyrimethamine-sulfadiazine.
- 7CMV retinitis: AIDS-defining, pizza-pie appearance, treat with ganciclovir.
- 8Acute retinal necrosis: VZV/HSV, peripheral confluent necrosis; treat with IV aciclovir.
- 9VKH: bilateral panuveitis with neurological and dermatological signs; serous RD on OCT.
- 10Sympathetic ophthalmia: bilateral granulomatous uveitis after penetrating injury or surgery; Dalen-Fuchs nodules.
- 11Behçet disease: occlusive retinal vasculitis, hypopyon uveitis, oral and genital ulcers, pathergy.
- 12Birdshot chorioretinopathy: HLA-A29, cream-coloured deep choroidal lesions, female predominance.
- 13Sarcoid uveitis: mutton-fat KPs, candle-wax dripping, raised ACE; bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy.
- 14Treatment ladder: topical/periocular steroids → systemic steroids → steroid-sparing immunosuppressants → biologics (adalimumab).
- 15Complications of chronic uveitis: cataract, glaucoma, CME, band keratopathy, hypotony.
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Suggested study sequence
Six phases used by recent passers. Spread across 4–8 weeks per subspecialty.
- 1
1. Anatomical classification
SUN nomenclature and the targeted workup that follows from each compartment.
- 2
2. Anterior uveitis
Acute vs chronic, HLA-B27 spectrum, Fuchs, Posner-Schlossman.
- 3
3. Intermediate uveitis
Pars planitis, sarcoid, multiple sclerosis associations.
- 4
4. Posterior uveitis
Toxoplasma, CMV, ARN, PORN, syphilis, TB, sarcoid.
- 5
5. Panuveitis
VKH, sympathetic ophthalmia, Behçet, sarcoid.
- 6
6. Treatment ladder
Steroids, methotrexate, mycophenolate, anti-TNF biologics.
15 free uveitis MCQs with explanations
Exam-pattern stems with the correct option marked and the reasoning spelled out. Open a question to check your answer.
Q1.Hypopyon uveitis is characteristic of:
Explanation: Hypopyon is classically seen in HLA-B27 acute anterior uveitis and Behçet disease; rarely in infections and endophthalmitis.
Q2.Fuchs heterochromic iridocyclitis is characterised by:
Explanation: Fuchs is a low-grade chronic anterior uveitis classically with heterochromia, fine stellate KPs, absence of posterior synechiae, cataract and secondary glaucoma.
Q3.Mutton-fat keratic precipitates indicate:
Explanation: Large greasy mutton-fat KPs (made of epithelioid cells) signify granulomatous inflammation – sarcoidosis, TB, syphilis, VKH, sympathetic ophthalmia.
Q4.Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome classically involves:
Explanation: VKH is an autoimmune disease against melanocytes causing bilateral granulomatous panuveitis with exudative RDs, plus auditory, meningeal, integumentary signs.
Q5.Posterior synechiae predispose to:
Explanation: Posterior synechiae block aqueous flow through the pupil leading to iris bombe and secondary angle closure.
Q6.Most common cause of posterior uveitis worldwide:
Explanation: Toxoplasma chorioretinitis is the leading cause of posterior uveitis worldwide; classic appearance is a focal necrotising retinitis adjacent to an old pigmented scar.
Q7.CMV retinitis typically occurs when CD4 count drops below:
Explanation: CMV retinitis is an AIDS-defining illness usually occurring with CD4 < 50/μL.
Q8.Acute retinal necrosis (ARN) is most commonly caused by:
Explanation: ARN is typically due to VZV or HSV, presenting with peripheral necrotising retinitis, retinal vasculitis, vitritis and a high rate of detachment.
Q9.Sympathetic ophthalmia is:
Explanation: Sympathetic ophthalmia is a delayed bilateral granulomatous panuveitis following penetrating injury or intraocular surgery to a fellow ("exciting") eye.
Q10.First-line steroid-sparing agent for chronic non-infectious uveitis:
Explanation: Methotrexate, mycophenolate mofetil and azathioprine are common first-line steroid-sparing immunomodulators in non-infectious uveitis.
Q11.Pars planitis primarily affects:
Explanation: Pars planitis is a chronic intermediate uveitis predominantly in children/young adults with vitreous "snowballs" and inferior snowbanking; associated with MS.
Q12.Most common ocular manifestation of sarcoidosis:
Explanation: Granulomatous anterior uveitis is the commonest ocular involvement in sarcoidosis, often with mutton-fat KPs and iris nodules.
Q13.Behçet disease ocular features include:
Explanation: Behçet causes recurrent attacks of bilateral non-granulomatous panuveitis with occlusive retinal vasculitis and shifting hypopyon.
Q14.Treatment of choice for ocular toxoplasmosis threatening macula:
Explanation: Macula-threatening or vision-threatening lesions require classic triple therapy (pyrimethamine + sulfadiazine + folinic acid) or alternative regimens; corticosteroids added after antimicrobial onset.
Q15.Most useful single investigation in suspected ocular tuberculosis:
Explanation: IGRA (QuantiFERON-TB Gold) is specific for TB infection and unaffected by BCG vaccination; combined with chest imaging and ocular features it supports diagnosis.
Uveitis FAQ
Answers to the questions residents ask most about this topic.
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